Nuclear Reactors in Canada: Overview

Overview

There are two basic types of nuclear reactors operating in Canada:
    •    Power reactors
    •    Research reactors

Both types play important roles in Canada’s energy, research, and medical systems. The Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) regulates and licenses these reactors throughout their entire lifecycle to ensure the health, safety, security, and environmental protection of Canadians.

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Types of Nuclear Reactors

Power Reactors

Power reactors are used to generate electricity for commercial use. Nuclear power plants in Canada have been producing electricity since the early 1960s.

The CNSC regulates all stages of a nuclear power plant’s lifecycle, including:
    •    Environmental assessments
    •    Licensing and construction
    •    Operation and maintenance
    •    Decommissioning and long-term safety

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Research Reactors

Research reactors are used for non-power purposes, such as:
    •    Scientific research
    •    Materials testing
    •    Medical applications (including isotope production)
    •    Education and training

These reactors vary in size and power output depending on their intended use.

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Regulation and Oversight

The CNSC:
    •    Regulates and licenses both power and research reactors
    •    Oversees the entire lifecycle of nuclear facilities
    •    Ensures compliance with safety, environmental, and security standards

This regulatory oversight helps protect:
    •    Public health
    •    Worker safety
    •    The environment
    •    National security

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New Reactor Facility Projects

Canada uses nuclear reactors of varying sizes and capacities to support a range of applications, including:
    •    Electrical power generation
    •    Research and innovation
    •    Medical and industrial uses

New reactor facility projects are assessed and regulated to ensure they meet all safety and environmental requirements before approval.

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Related Information

For more detailed information, you may wish to explore:
    •    Operating nuclear power plants in Canada
    •    New reactor facility projects
    •    Licensing and environmental assessment processes

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Need more information?

If you have questions about nuclear reactors, licensing, or regulatory oversight, please contact us through our website or submit an inquiry using the support form.